12  Reactome enrichment analysis

ReactomePA is designed for reactome pathway based analysis (Yu and He 2016). Reactome is an open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

12.1 Chapter overview

Aspect Reactome analysis
Questions Which curated Reactome pathways are over-represented or show coordinated signal in a ranked gene profile?
Input Entrez IDs from a supported organism; GSEA uses a named ranked vector.
Methods Pathway ORA and GSEA, Reactome-specific pathway visualization, and comparisons across gene clusters.
Main functions enrichPathway(), gsePathway(), viewPathway(), and compareCluster().
Output enrichResult / gseaResult objects and optional Reactome pathway diagrams.
Main limitations The supported species set is limited; ID conversion and Reactome release affect coverage. Confirm species and mapping before interpreting absent pathways.

12.2 Supported organisms

Currently ReactomePA supports several model organisms, including ‘celegans’, ‘fly’, ‘human’, ‘mouse’, ‘rat’, ‘yeast’ and ‘zebrafish’. The input gene ID should be Entrez gene ID. We recommend using clusterProfiler::bitr() to convert biological IDs.

12.3 Reactome pathway over-representation analysis

Enrichment analysis is a widely used approach to identify biological themes. ReactomePA implemented enrichPathway() that uses hypergeometric model to assess whether the number of selected genes associated with a reactome pathway is larger than expected.

library(ReactomePA)
data(geneList, package="DOSE"
)
de <- names(geneList)[abs(geneList) > 1.5]
head(de)
[1] "4312"  "8318"  "10874" "55143" "55388" "991"  
x <- enrichPathway(gene=de, pvalueCutoff = 0.05, readable=TRUE)
head(x)
                         ID
R-HSA-69620     R-HSA-69620
R-HSA-69618     R-HSA-69618
R-HSA-2500257 R-HSA-2500257
R-HSA-141424   R-HSA-141424
R-HSA-141444   R-HSA-141444
R-HSA-68882     R-HSA-68882
                                                                                       Description
R-HSA-69620                                                                 Cell Cycle Checkpoints
R-HSA-69618                                                             Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint
R-HSA-2500257                                              Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
R-HSA-141424                                         Amplification of signal from the kinetochores
R-HSA-141444  Amplification  of signal from unattached  kinetochores via a MAD2  inhibitory signal
R-HSA-68882                                                                       Mitotic Anaphase
              GeneRatio   BgRatio RichFactor FoldEnrichment oddsRatio    zScore
R-HSA-69620      38/342 292/11287  0.1301370       4.294901  5.261319 10.083502
R-HSA-69618      22/342 113/11287  0.1946903       6.425348  8.200137 10.245607
R-HSA-2500257    23/342 129/11287  0.1782946       5.884242  7.372597  9.862206
R-HSA-141424     20/342  96/11287  0.2083333       6.875609  8.882805 10.219491
R-HSA-141444     20/342  96/11287  0.2083333       6.875609  8.882805 10.219491
R-HSA-68882      28/342 225/11287  0.1244444       4.107031  4.865078  8.321376
                    pvalue     p.adjust       qvalue
R-HSA-69620   1.988463e-14 1.805524e-11 1.805524e-11
R-HSA-69618   2.386464e-12 1.083455e-09 1.083455e-09
R-HSA-2500257 5.135365e-12 1.182511e-09 1.182511e-09
R-HSA-141424  6.511625e-12 1.182511e-09 1.182511e-09
R-HSA-141444  6.511625e-12 1.182511e-09 1.182511e-09
R-HSA-68882   1.865374e-10 2.686794e-08 2.686794e-08
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      geneID
R-HSA-69620   CDC45/MCM5/NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/CDC25A/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/CHEK1/EXO1/CCNB2/MCM10/TAOK1/CENPE/ORC1/AURKB/CENPI/CCNE1/SPC25/UBE2S/CCNA2/MCM2/CCNB1/BUB1B/CDK1/ZWINT/UBE2C/MAD2L1/CENPU/CDC6/PLK1/GTSE1/ORC6/KIF18A/ERCC6L
R-HSA-69618                                                                                             NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/TAOK1/CENPE/AURKB/CENPI/SPC25/UBE2S/BUB1B/ZWINT/UBE2C/MAD2L1/CENPU/PLK1/KIF18A/ERCC6L
R-HSA-2500257                                                                                      NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/CCNB2/TAOK1/CENPE/AURKB/CENPI/SPC25/CCNB1/BUB1B/CDK1/ZWINT/MAD2L1/CENPU/PLK1/KIF18A/ERCC6L
R-HSA-141424                                                                                                        NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/TAOK1/CENPE/AURKB/CENPI/SPC25/BUB1B/ZWINT/MAD2L1/CENPU/PLK1/KIF18A/ERCC6L
R-HSA-141444                                                                                                        NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/TAOK1/CENPE/AURKB/CENPI/SPC25/BUB1B/ZWINT/MAD2L1/CENPU/PLK1/KIF18A/ERCC6L
R-HSA-68882                                                          NDC80/CENPM/CDCA8/CDC20/CENPN/BIRC5/KIF2C/SKA1/CCNB2/TAOK1/CENPE/AURKB/CENPI/SPC25/UBE2S/PTTG1/CCNB1/BUB1B/CDK1/ESPL1/ZWINT/UBE2C/MAD2L1/CENPU/PLK1/KIF18A/ERCC6L/LMNB1
              Count
R-HSA-69620      38
R-HSA-69618      22
R-HSA-2500257    23
R-HSA-141424     20
R-HSA-141444     20
R-HSA-68882      28

12.4 Reactome pathway gene set enrichment analysis

y <- gsePathway(geneList, 
                pvalueCutoff = 0.2,
                pAdjustMethod = "BH", 
                verbose = FALSE)
head(y)
                       ID                          Description setSize
R-HSA-453279 R-HSA-453279 Mitotic G1 phase and G1/S transition     132
R-HSA-69620   R-HSA-69620               Cell Cycle Checkpoints     238
R-HSA-69206   R-HSA-69206                      G1/S Transition     114
R-HSA-69481   R-HSA-69481                     G2/M Checkpoints     125
R-HSA-69278   R-HSA-69278                  Cell Cycle, Mitotic     451
R-HSA-69239   R-HSA-69239                     Synthesis of DNA      99
             enrichmentScore      NES pvalue     p.adjust       qvalue rank
R-HSA-453279       0.7117138 3.039743  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1155
R-HSA-69620        0.6508576 3.002678  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1905
R-HSA-69206        0.7163844 2.963630  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1155
R-HSA-69481        0.6968899 2.963340  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1905
R-HSA-69278        0.6094048 2.949267  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1769
R-HSA-69239        0.7192759 2.923782  1e-10 4.930303e-09 4.930303e-09 1905
                               leading_edge
R-HSA-453279  tags=43%, list=9%, signal=40%
R-HSA-69620  tags=42%, list=15%, signal=36%
R-HSA-69206   tags=45%, list=9%, signal=41%
R-HSA-69481  tags=50%, list=15%, signal=43%
R-HSA-69278  tags=36%, list=14%, signal=32%
R-HSA-69239  tags=57%, list=15%, signal=48%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 core_enrichment
R-HSA-453279                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    8318/55388/4605/7153/6241/890/983/81620/891/4174/4171/993/990/7083/898/23594/4998/1163/9134/4175/4173/10926/6502/7298/4609/5111/28227/5688/5709/26271/51053/1869/1029/1719/4067/5693/8317/5427/23649/4176/5713/11047/5557/5691/1871/1031/5685/1019/5558/4172/5690/5684/5686/5695/7027/10213/1875
R-HSA-69620                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 8318/55143/55388/991/1062/9133/10403/11065/220134/79019/55839/27338/890/983/54821/4085/81930/332/9212/1111/891/4174/4171/11004/993/990/5347/701/51512/9156/11130/79682/57405/2491/898/23594/4998/9134/4175/4173/10926/5984/1058/699/1063/85236/5688/5709/55055/641/1029/1763/8970/5693/8317/4176/5713/79980/5982/9735/11047/2810/5691/9088/995/5685/7468/4172/7336/5690/5684/83990/5686/5695/11200/10213/8345/7534/80010/5983/7979/54908/6396/4683/63967/3018/5714/5702/3014/9978/5905/3619/5708/55166/5692/10393/8290/5704/580/6119
R-HSA-69206                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   8318/55388/6241/890/983/81620/891/4174/4171/993/990/7083/898/23594/4998/1163/9134/4175/4173/10926/6502/7298/4609/5111/28227/5688/5709/26271/51053/1869/1719/5693/8317/5427/23649/4176/5713/11047/5557/5691/5685/1019/5558/4172/5690/5684/5686/5695/7027/10213/1875
R-HSA-69481                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        8318/55388/9133/890/983/1111/891/4174/4171/993/990/51512/9156/23594/4998/4175/4173/10926/5984/85236/5688/5709/641/1763/8970/5693/8317/4176/5713/5982/11047/2810/5691/9088/995/5685/7468/4172/7336/5690/5684/83990/5686/5695/11200/10213/8345/7534/80010/5983/7979/4683/63967/3018/5714/5702/3014/5708/5692/8290/5704/580/6119
R-HSA-69278  8318/55143/55388/991/2305/9493/1062/4605/9133/10403/7153/23397/6241/11065/55355/220134/22974/4751/79019/55839/27338/890/983/54821/4085/9837/81930/81620/332/64151/9212/51659/10112/6790/891/4174/9232/4001/4171/3161/11004/993/990/5347/701/51512/11130/79682/57405/2491/9700/7083/898/23594/4998/10733/1163/54801/9134/4175/4173/2237/10926/6502/5984/994/9918/7298/1058/84296/699/4609/1063/85236/5111/28227/5688/9688/64785/5709/26271/55055/51053/1869/1029/1763/1719/8970/54892/8357/4067/5693/8317/7277/5427/23649/4176/7112/5713/3930/79980/5982/9735/55732/11047/5557/23310/5691/1871/1031/80086/9088/995/10051/1104/5685/84790/1019/5558/4172/9631/5424/7444/79866/5690/5684/5885/5686/5695/203068/7027/10213/1875/23175/8345/7283/10381/5983/7979/54908/10592/6396/23165/10383/3018/22822/5714/10376/7443/55706/8815/5702/3014/1030/23636/9978/5905/3619/5425/5708/55166/5692/10393/54107
R-HSA-69239                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    8318/11065/27338/890/9837/81620/51659/4174/4171/990/898/23594/4998/9134/4175/4173/2237/6502/5984/84296/5111/5688/64785/5709/51053/1763/5693/5427/23649/4176/5713/5982/11047/5557/5691/5685/5558/4172/5424/5690/5684/5686/5695/10213/5983/7979/5714/5702/9978/5425/5708/5692/10393/54107/5704/6119
             log2err
R-HSA-453279     NaN
R-HSA-69620      NaN
R-HSA-69206      NaN
R-HSA-69481      NaN
R-HSA-69278      NaN
R-HSA-69239      NaN

12.5 Pathway Visualization

ReactomePA implemented the viewPathway() to visualize selected reactome pathways. More general purpose visualization methods for ORA and GSEA results are provided in the enrichplot package and are documented in Chapter 26. See Figure 12.1 for an example.

viewPathway("E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication", 
            readable = TRUE, 
            foldChange = geneList)
Figure 12.1: Visualize reactome pathway.

12.6 Next steps

References

Yu, Guangchuang, and Qing-Yu He. 2016. “ReactomePA: An r/Bioconductor Package for Reactome Pathway Analysis and Visualization.” Molecular BioSystems 12 (2): 477–79. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5MB00663E.